Cultivating Agency: A Leadership Practice for Times of Fear and Change

Athena Williams • July 6, 2025

Share this article

Disruption shakes our sense of security. When the environment feels chaotic, the brain’s threat detection systems go into overdrive, activating the amygdala and flooding the body with stress hormones like cortisol. This stress response can shrink our mental bandwidth, narrow our attention, and leave us with tunnel vision focused only on survival. Over time, repeated activation of these systems can make us — and our teams — feel stuck, powerless, and reactive rather than strategic.

That’s why cultivating agency is so powerful. When people experience a sense of choice, influence, and meaningful action, the prefrontal cortex — the part of the brain responsible for reasoning, perspective-taking, and planning — comes back online. According to research by David Rock, having autonomy (a key part of agency) reduces the threat response in the brain and boosts motivation, engagement, and confidence.

As a leader, your role is to help your team shift out of fear and into agency, so they can access their best thinking and adapt with clarity. Here’s how to do it:

1. Normalize the fear — but don’t amplify it.

When fear shows up, acknowledge it. Say, “This is a difficult moment” instead of ignoring people’s stress. Research from Harvard Business School shows that naming emotions reduces their grip, restoring clearer thinking. By acknowledging fear without fueling it, you help your team stay grounded.

2. Focus on spheres of control.

Borrow from theic Circle of Influence model: what can you act on today, even if small? Maybe it’s how you communicate, how you show up, or how you connect with a colleague. Leaders who actively point out where the team still has influence shift attention away from helplessness.

3. Invite micro-commitments.

When the big picture feels overwhelming, ask: “What’s one action you can commit to this week?” Small wins build confidence and counteract the brain’s stress response, according to neuroscience research on motivation. Consistent micro-commitments nurture a sense of progress, which is essential during chaos.

4. Model agency yourself.

People will mirror your behavior. If you remain frozen, they will too. If you step into conscious, values-driven choices, even imperfect ones, you create a powerful ripple. Share your decision-making process transparently, and let people see you weighing options and acting with intention. That models agency in real time.

5. Create space for co-creation.

In times of disruption, top-down directives can intensify feelings of powerlessness. Instead, invite your team to co-create solutions and contribute ideas. This inclusive approach boosts psychological ownership — a key dimension of agency — and stimulates the brain’s reward circuits, fostering a sense of shared responsibility and optimism.

In times of disruption, it’s easy to forget that we still have choices. Fear wants to shrink us, but agency reminds us that we can act, decide, and shape the future — even in small ways. As a leader, you hold the key to unlocking that agency not only for yourself, but for your team. When you normalize fear, focus on spheres of control, invite micro-commitments, model courageous choices, and co-create pathways forward, you transform helplessness into momentum.

This week, choose one of these practices and apply it. Share it with your team. Challenge yourself to reclaim your own sense of agency, and then help others do the same. Because even in the most uncertain storms, the smallest act of choice can spark extraordinary courage.

What is one step you will take today to lead with agency?

Leadership Practice: Reflect on Your Impact on Agency

Take a quiet moment this week to ask yourself:

  • Where might I unintentionally be limiting my team’s sense of agency?

  • In what ways am I empowering my team to make choices and take action?

  • Am I providing space for others to contribute solutions, or am I holding too tightly to control?

  • How can I shift my own behavior to model more agency in the face of disruption?

Notice what comes up — and commit to one change that will help you foster agency rather than diminish it.

Author

Athena Williams, Founder and CEO of Tenacious Leadership Institute, has been supporting leaders worldwide to become more tenacious for over 20 years. She has found that tenacity is the key to sustained leadership success in today’s ever-changing world. Through her coaching and leadership development programs, she helps leaders expertly handle change, complexity and other challenges so they can quickly get better results for themselves, their teams and their organizations.

Take the first step to becoming a tenacious leader by scheduling a call with us.

Recent Posts

Business meeting in a glass-walled office, with a woman speaking to seated colleagues.
By Athena Williams • October 15, 2026
Transformation creates an interesting tension for leaders. As the pace and complexity of transformation increase, we tend to focus on what the organization needs to do differently: new strategies, structures, technologies, operating models, priorities. But there is another question that matters just as much: Are you building the leadership capacity required to lead what you are creating? We think of this as the acceleration gap: the distance between the ambition and pace of transformation and the leadership capacity available to make it happen. It is a gap that rarely appears in the transformation plan or budget, yet it can become very expensive in execution. And because it isn't always recognized as a leadership capacity issue, its symptoms are often attributed to something else: resistance, slow execution, competing priorities, poor decisions, or individual leaders who appear to be struggling. But transformation doesn't just ask more of the organization. It asks more of its leaders. More ability to navigate uncertainty. More strategic thinking. Faster decisions. Greater adaptability. More capacity to align people around priorities while continuing to deliver today. And when that capacity doesn't grow alongside the demands of transformation, the gap eventually becomes visible. Here are three places to look:
By Athena Williams • October 10, 2026
Every transformation creates new demands on the people expected to lead it. We spend significant time planning what needs to change, the strategy, technology, structure, operating model and ways of working. But we spend far less time asking whether leaders are ready for what those changes will require of them.
Colleagues meeting around a laptop in a bright office conference room, discussing documents and notes.
By Athena Williams • October 3, 2026
Most successful leaders have a playbook. You’ve built it over years of experience. You know how to make decisions, mobilize people, solve problems, deliver results and navigate pressure. That playbook is part of what got you here. But transformation has a way of changing the game. The environment becomes more complex. Decisions become more interconnected. The number of stakeholders increases. Teams are expected to deliver today's results while simultaneously building something that may look very different tomorrow.
Two colleagues walking through a modern office hallway, talking as coworkers in glass meeting rooms work nearby
By Athena Williams • September 26, 2026
By the time you reach the final quarter of the year, your team has already lived a lot of life together. Priorities have shifted. Plans have changed. Some goals have been achieved, others have quietly slipped. There may have been reorganizations, new leaders, departures, launches, disappointments and more than a few things nobody anticipated back in January. And yet this is often the moment leaders ask their teams to push harder.
Team collaborating at a computer in a modern office, focused on a screen.
By Athena Williams • September 19, 2026
For decades, organizations prized specialists. Then came the idea of the T-shaped employee: deep expertise in one discipline, represented by the vertical line of the T, combined with enough breadth across other disciplines to collaborate effectively, represented by the horizontal line. The emerging idea of the X-shaped employee, recently discussed by Shopify COO Jess Hertz, takes this further. An X-shaped person doesn't simply possess expertise and breadth. They can cross boundaries, connect disciplines, work effectively with other experts and contribute beyond the confines of their own role. And I think this idea becomes even more important when we apply it to leadership.
Team meeting in a glass office, with a woman speaking to seated colleagues.
By Athena Williams • September 12, 2026
Hope may not appear on your transformation roadmap, but perhaps it should. Transformation depends on people being willing to invest effort today in a future they cannot yet fully see. When people stop believing that the future is possible, transformation can quickly become another initiative to survive rather than something they are actively helping to create. And this applies to you, too. Senior leaders are often expected to carry confidence for everyone else while privately navigating their own uncertainty, frustration and fatigue. Holding onto hope doesn’t mean convincing yourself everything will work out exactly as planned. It means maintaining a grounded belief that something better is still possible, and continuing to lead toward it.
Person on a video call at a desk, viewing multiple participants on a computer screen.
By Athena Williams • September 5, 2026
Resistance during transformation rarely announces itself with, “I don’t support this.” More often, it hides in plain sight. People agree in the meeting, then continue operating exactly as they did before. Decisions get revisited. New processes are adopted inconsistently. Leaders say they support the transformation while continuing to reward old behaviors. Teams ask for more clarity when what they may really need is greater confidence, capability, or trust.
Two professionals standing with arms crossed in a modern office, smiling at the camera
By Athena Williams • August 29, 2026
One of the great paradoxes of transformation is that leaders must create urgency while also having the patience to build something that lasts. Executives are rewarded for moving quickly. You make decisions, solve problems, push through barriers and expect progress. During transformation, those instincts are valuable, until speed becomes the measure of success.
People in a glass-walled conference room discussing around a table in a modern office
By Athena Williams • August 21, 2026
One of the greatest risks in transformation is not that your organization will resist change. It is that everyone will agree to change, and still never transform. We see this with senior leadership teams all the time. There is a bold ambition at the beginning, a new strategy, operating model, organizational structure, technology platform, customer experience or way of working. Leaders talk about doing things differently. Then the machinery of the organization kicks in.
Man working at a laptop in a modern office, with a notebook beside him.
By Athena Williams • August 15, 2026
When transformation gets difficult, even experienced leaders can fall back on what made them successful in the first place: expertise. You see the problem, you know what should happen, so you step in. That can work beautifully in the short term. But if you become the person everyone depends upon for direction, decisions and problem solving, you may inadvertently create the very thing transformation cannot afford: organizational dependency on you.
Show More